Reclaiming Global Welfare: The Critical Role of Indigenous Legal Systems in Addressing Climate Change, Overconsumption, and Biodiversity Loss
Ardtel Tamara Siahaan
, Theressa Gracita Anthony
, Edenia Arga Puspitaningsih
Faculty of Law, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
theressagct@gmail.com
Abstract
Indigenous people are practitioners and inheritors of distinctive cultures, in which they have their own way of relating to the surroundings and the people. Indigenous people are known for their local wisdom and discrepancy in customary law. In contrast to the traditional cultures, the planet we call home keeps evolving, and so do complex issues around us. Humanity nowadays is no stranger to problems that are the cost of modernization such as climate change, biodiversity loss, and overconsumption. Studies and research never stop at one point to find a way to overcome those issues. There goes a saying ‘modern problem requires modern solution’, in lieu of the statement, the existence of indigenous people and their customary law have proven that they indeed have their own unique regulations to preserve nature and prevent overconsumption, which is what modern people need the most to reach the idea of sustainable living and development. For instance, people could reflect on the Dayak Kenyah Leppo’ Ke tribe in North Kalimantan, to find a solution to conquer our urgent global situation. In fact, Indigenous law communities can be included to participate in climate change and biodiversity loss. Empowerment of indigenous peoples with their local knowledge through environmental empowerment based on local wisdom can provide support, use and management of natural resources while maintaining the strength of their law, their spiritual abilities and the beliefs they embrace. The appliance of the indigenous law itself to solve climate and consumption issues might be the key to humanity and nature welfare for a lifetime. By delving into the law of the predecessors, we would be given an opportunity to analyze Indonesia's legal vacuum in terms of nature perseverance and fix the behavior of people living in the modern era in order to keep mother nature last longer
Keywords
indigenous law, sustainable living, development, local wisdom
References
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Wiati, C. B., & Angi, E. M. (2014). Studi Pemanfaatan Sumberdaya Hutan oleh Masyarakat Desa Setulang di Kabupaten Malinau, Kalimantan Utara. Jurnal Penelitian Dipterokarpa, 8(2). 98-108. https://doi.org/10.20886/jped.2014.8.2.97-108
theressagct@gmail.com
Abstract
Keywords
indigenous law, sustainable living, development, local wisdomReferences
Aliansi Masyarakat Adat Nusantara (AMAN). (n.d). Enam alasan AMAN menolak UU KSDAE. Retrieved from https://aman.or.id/files/publicationdocumentation/93183Enam%20alasan%20AMAN%20Menolak_UU%20KSDAE-AR-edt.pdf
Anau, N., Hakim, A., Lekson, A. S., and Setyowati, E. (2019). Local Wisdom Practices of Dayak Indigenous People in The Management of Tana’ Ulen in The Kayan Mentarang National Park of Malinau Regency, North Kalimantan Province, Indonesia. Russian Journal of Agricultural and Socio-Economic Sciences, 91(7), 156–167. https://doi.org/10.18551/rjoas.2019-07.16
Anyachebelu, N. C. (2024). Biodiversity conservation and indigenous rights: Legal perspectives and challenges. International Journal of Research and Publication University of Nigeria, 3-9.
Creswell, J. W. (2018). Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches. New York: Sage Publication.
Eghenter, C. (2018). Indigenous effective area‐based conservation measures: Conservation practices among the Dayak Kenyah of North Kalimantan. Parks, 24 (Special Issue on OECMs June 2018), 69–78. https://doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.CH.2018.PARKS-24-SI.en
Fidler, R. Y., Ahmadia, G. N., Amkieltiela, N., Awaludinnoer, N., Cox, C., Estradivari, N., … Harborne, A. R. (2022). Participation, not penalties: Community involvement and equitable governance contribute to more effective multiuse protected areas. Science Advances, 8(18). doi: 10.1126/sciadv.abl8929
Indonesia. Undang-Undang Nomor 32 Tahun 2009 tentang Perlindungan dan Pengelolaan Lingkungan Hidup. Lembaran Negara RI Tahun 2009 Nomor 32, Tambahan Lembaran RI Nomor 5059. Sekretariat Negara. Jakarta.
Indonesia. Undang-undang Nomor 32 Tahun 2024 tentang Konservasi Sumber Daya Alam Hayati dan Ekosistemnya. Lembaran Negara RI Tahun 2024 Nomor 32, Tambahan Lembaran RI Nomor 6953. Sekretariat Negara. Jakarta.
International Law Editorial. (2024, December 4). World Jurisprudence. Retrieved from https://worldjurisprudence.com/integration-of-indigenousrights/#Current_Trends_in_International_Law_and_Indigenous_Rights
Laws Learned. (2024, July 8). Integrating Indigenous Law and International Standards in Governance. Retrieved from Laws Learned: https://lawslearned.com/indigenous-law-and-internationalstandards/#Indigenous_Law_and_Its_Interaction_with_National_Legal_Frameworks
Metcalf, C. (2003). Indigenous Rights and the Environment : Evolving International Law. Ottawa Law Review, 8-28.
Mahkamah Konstitusi Republik Indonesia. (n.d.). Putusan sela uji UU KSDAHE: Sidang ditunda, pemerintah tidak boleh terbitkan aturan baru. MKRI. Retrieved from https://testing.mkri.id/berita/putusan-sela-ujiuu-ksdahe%3A-sidang-ditunda%2C-pemerintah-tidak-boleh-terbitkan-aturan-baru-21844
Mongabay Indonesia. (2024, October 15). Gugat UU Konservasi: Kuasa hukum aturan tak libatkan masyarakat adat. Mongabay. Retrieved from https://mongabay.co.id/2024/10/15/gugat-uu-konservasi-kuasahukum-aturan-tak-libatkan-masyarakat-adat/
Naeem, S., Chazdon, R., Duffy, J. E., Prager, C., & Worm, B. (2016). Biodiversity and human well-being: an essential link for sustainable development. Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, 283(1844), 20162091.
Pusat Studi Lingkungan Hidup UGM. (2022). Peranan masyarakat adat dalam konservasi lingkungan. Universitas Gadjah Mada. Retrieved from https://pslh.ugm.ac.id/peranan-masyarakat-adat-dalamkonservasi-lingkungan/
Sumanto, S. E., & Takandjandji, M. (2016). Identifikasi Pemanfaatan Hasil Hutan oleh Masyarakat: Upaya Konservasi Sumber Daya Genetik dan Sosial Budaya. Buletin Plasma Nutfah, 20(1), 27. https://doi.org/10.21082/blpn.v20n1.2014. Retrieved from https://media.neliti.com/media/publications/69255-ID-identifikasi-pemanfaatan-hasil-hutan-ole.pdf
Trawick, P., & Hornborg, A. (2015). Revisiting the Image of Limited Good: On Sustainability, Thermodynamics, and the Illusion of Creating Wealth. Current Anthropology (Vol. 56) p27.
United Nations. (1992). The Rio Declaration on Environment and Development. Article 22OHCHR. (n.d.). UN declaration on the rights of Indigenous Peoples. Retrieved from OHCHR website: https://www.ohchr.org/en/indigenous-peoples/un-declaration-rights-indigenous-peoples
Watts, N., Stott, R., and Rafferty, A. M. (2015). Combating climate change. BMJ, 351(nov 18 5), h6178. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.h6178
Wiati, C. B., & Angi, E. M. (2014). Studi Pemanfaatan Sumberdaya Hutan oleh Masyarakat Desa Setulang di Kabupaten Malinau, Kalimantan Utara. Jurnal Penelitian Dipterokarpa, 8(2). 98-108. https://doi.org/10.20886/jped.2014.8.2.97-108
