Double Burden and Women’s Well-Being Issues: Implications for Social Relations from the Perspective of Hannah Arendt’s Vita Activa
Chisa Belinda Harahap
1
, Anwar Ibrahim Triyoga
2
, Denti Titisia
3
1
Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung, Indonesia
2
Faculty of Cultural Sciences, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia
3
Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
chisaharahap@uinsgd.ac.id
Abstract
This study explores the double burden of women through the lens of Hannah Arendt’s vita activa, encompassing its three main dimensions: labor, work, and action. The analysis highlights how women face structural challenges in balancing domestic and public roles due to gender biases and patriarchal norms that place them in a subordinate position. This double burden not only creates physical and mental strain but also negatively impacts women’s overall well-being in economic, health, and social aspects. The labor dimension reflects repetitive and undervalued domestic work, reinforcing women's subordination within the family and community spheres. In the work dimension, women encounter wage discrimination, limited access to leadership positions, and exclusion from more prestigious job sectors, directly affecting their economic well-being. Within the action dimension, social barriers restrict women's participation in the public sphere and decision-making processes, reducing their opportunities to influence policies that could enhance well-being and gender equality. The lack of policies supporting the redistribution of domestic roles further exacerbates gender inequality and hinders women's empowerment. This study underscores the need for structural changes in social and economic policies to foster more inclusive and equitablewell-being for women. The philosophical-hermeneutic approach employed in this research provides a deeper understanding of the social construction of gender and the urgency for more progressive and transformative policy solutions
Keywords
double burden, gender inequality, subordination, vita activa, women's well-being
References
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Apperson, M., Schmidt, H., Moore, S., Grunberg, L., & Greenberg, E. (2002). Women Managers and the Experience Of Work-Family Conflict. American Journal of Undergraduate Research.
Arendt, H. (1958). The Human Condition. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Arendt, H. (1972). On Violence. New York: A Harvest Book.
Arendt, H. (1998). The Human Condition. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
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Crenshaw, K. (2013). Demarginalizing the intersection of race and sex: A black feminist critique of antidiscrimination doctrine, feminist theory and antiracist politics. In Feminist legal theories (pp. 23-51). Routledge.
Daly, C. (2010). An Introduction to Philosophical Methods. CA: Broadview Press.
Denzin, N. K. (1978). The Research Act: A Theoretical Introduction to Sociological Methods (2nd ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill.
Eagly, A. H., & Carli, L. L. (2007). Women and the Labyrinth of Leadership. Harvard Business Review, 63-71.
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Eddyono, S. W. (2023). Women’s Work and State Policies: Contending Paid and Unpaid Care. Jurnal Perempuan, 225-233.
Elson, D. (1999). Labor Markets as Gendered Institutions: Equality, Efficiency and Empowerment Issues. World Development, 27(3), 611-627
Fakih, M. (2013). Analisis Gender dan Transformasi Sosial. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar.
Folbre, N. (1994). Who pays for the kids?: Gender and the structures of constraint. Routledge.
Folbre, N. (2001). The Invisible Heart: Economics and Family Values. New Press.
Fraser, N. (2017). Feminism, Capitalism and the Cunning of History. Routledge.
Frone, M., Russell, M., & Cooper, M. (1992). Antecedents and Outcomes of Work-family Conflict: Testing a Model of the Work-family Interface. Journal of Applied Psychology, 65-78.
Greenhaus, J., & Beutell, N. (1985). Sources of Conflict between Work and Family Roles. The Academy of Management Review, 76-88.
Hidayati, N. (2015). Beban Ganda Perempuan Bekerja (Antara Domestik dan Publik). Muwazah, 108-119.
Hochschild, A., & Machung, A. (2012). The Second Shift: Working Families and the Revolution at Home. Penguin Books.
Kabeer, N. (2008). Paid Work, Women’s Empowerment and Gender Justice: Critical Pathways of Social Change.
Kamilna, K., Sari, N., & Muliawati, M. (2022). Double Burden Petani Perempuan dalam Keluarga di Desa Cut Reubee Delima Kabupaten Pidie. Journal of Political Sphere (JPS), 28-46.
Koenig, A. M., Eagly, A. H., Mitchell, A. A., & Ristikari, T. (2011). Are leader stereotypes masculine? A metaanalysis of three research paradigms. Psychological Bulletin, 616-642.
Kvale, S., & Brinkmann, S. (2009). InterViews: Learning the Craft of Qualitative Research Interviewing (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.
Murniati, A. (2004). Getar gender: Perempuan Indonesia dalam Perspektif Agama, Budaya, dan Keluarga. Magelang: Indonesiatera.
Netemeyer, R. G., Boles, J. S., & McMurrian, R. (1996). Development and validation of work-family conflict and family-work conflict scales. Journal of Applied Psychology, 400-410.
Parreñas, R. (2015). Servants of globalization: Migration and domestic work. Stanford University Press. Peraturan Perundang-Undangan. (2003). Undang-undang Nomor 13 Tahun 2003 tentang Ketenagakerjaan. Indonesia, Indonesia.
Phillips, A. (2002). Democracy and Difference. Oxford: Blackwell Publisher.
Power, K. (2020). The COVID-19 pandemic has increased the care burden of women and families. Sustainability: Science, Practice and Policy, 67-73.
Reilly, N. (2007). Cosmopolitan Feminism and Human Rights. Hypatia, 180-198.
Roboth, J. Y. (2015). Analisis Work Family Conflict, Stres Kerja dan Kinerja Wanita Berperan Ganda Pada Yayasan Compassion East Indonesia. Jurnal Riset Bisnis dan Manajemen.
Sumarna, D. P., Naiem, M. F., & Russeng, S. S. (2013). Determinan Penggunaan Alat Pelindung Diri (APD) Pada Karyawan Percetakan di Kota Makassar. Working Paper: Universitas Hasanuddin.
Udasmoro, W. (2018). Dari Doing ke Undoing Gender: Teori dan Praktik Dalam Kajian Feminisme. Yogyakarta: Gadjah Mada University Press.
Udasmoro, W., & Nayati, W. (2020). Interseksi Gender. Yogyakarta: Gadjah Mada University Press
2 Faculty of Cultural Sciences, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia
3 Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
chisaharahap@uinsgd.ac.id
Abstract
Keywords
double burden, gender inequality, subordination, vita activa, women's well-beingReferences
Ananda, M. R. (2024). Self Esteem Antara Ibu Rumah Tangga yang Bekerja dengan yang Tidak Bekerja. Cognicia.
Apperson, M., Schmidt, H., Moore, S., Grunberg, L., & Greenberg, E. (2002). Women Managers and the Experience Of Work-Family Conflict. American Journal of Undergraduate Research.
Arendt, H. (1958). The Human Condition. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Arendt, H. (1972). On Violence. New York: A Harvest Book.
Arendt, H. (1998). The Human Condition. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Bappenas. (2023). Peta Jalan Tujuan Pembangunan Berkelanjutan 2023-2030. Jakarta: Kedeputian Bidang Kemaritiman dan Sumber Daya Alam, Kementerian Perencanaan Pembangunan Nasional/ Badan Perencanaan Pembangunan Nasional.
Crenshaw, K. (2013). Demarginalizing the intersection of race and sex: A black feminist critique of antidiscrimination doctrine, feminist theory and antiracist politics. In Feminist legal theories (pp. 23-51). Routledge.
Daly, C. (2010). An Introduction to Philosophical Methods. CA: Broadview Press.
Denzin, N. K. (1978). The Research Act: A Theoretical Introduction to Sociological Methods (2nd ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill.
Eagly, A. H., & Carli, L. L. (2007). Women and the Labyrinth of Leadership. Harvard Business Review, 63-71.
Eddyono, S. W. (2019). Women’s Empowerment in Indonesia: A Poor Community in Jakarta. UK: Routledge.
Eddyono, S. W. (2023). Women’s Work and State Policies: Contending Paid and Unpaid Care. Jurnal Perempuan, 225-233.
Elson, D. (1999). Labor Markets as Gendered Institutions: Equality, Efficiency and Empowerment Issues. World Development, 27(3), 611-627
Fakih, M. (2013). Analisis Gender dan Transformasi Sosial. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar.
Folbre, N. (1994). Who pays for the kids?: Gender and the structures of constraint. Routledge.
Folbre, N. (2001). The Invisible Heart: Economics and Family Values. New Press.
Fraser, N. (2017). Feminism, Capitalism and the Cunning of History. Routledge.
Frone, M., Russell, M., & Cooper, M. (1992). Antecedents and Outcomes of Work-family Conflict: Testing a Model of the Work-family Interface. Journal of Applied Psychology, 65-78.
Greenhaus, J., & Beutell, N. (1985). Sources of Conflict between Work and Family Roles. The Academy of Management Review, 76-88.
Hidayati, N. (2015). Beban Ganda Perempuan Bekerja (Antara Domestik dan Publik). Muwazah, 108-119.
Hochschild, A., & Machung, A. (2012). The Second Shift: Working Families and the Revolution at Home. Penguin Books.
Kabeer, N. (2008). Paid Work, Women’s Empowerment and Gender Justice: Critical Pathways of Social Change.
Kamilna, K., Sari, N., & Muliawati, M. (2022). Double Burden Petani Perempuan dalam Keluarga di Desa Cut Reubee Delima Kabupaten Pidie. Journal of Political Sphere (JPS), 28-46.
Koenig, A. M., Eagly, A. H., Mitchell, A. A., & Ristikari, T. (2011). Are leader stereotypes masculine? A metaanalysis of three research paradigms. Psychological Bulletin, 616-642.
Kvale, S., & Brinkmann, S. (2009). InterViews: Learning the Craft of Qualitative Research Interviewing (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.
Murniati, A. (2004). Getar gender: Perempuan Indonesia dalam Perspektif Agama, Budaya, dan Keluarga. Magelang: Indonesiatera.
Netemeyer, R. G., Boles, J. S., & McMurrian, R. (1996). Development and validation of work-family conflict and family-work conflict scales. Journal of Applied Psychology, 400-410.
Parreñas, R. (2015). Servants of globalization: Migration and domestic work. Stanford University Press. Peraturan Perundang-Undangan. (2003). Undang-undang Nomor 13 Tahun 2003 tentang Ketenagakerjaan. Indonesia, Indonesia.
Phillips, A. (2002). Democracy and Difference. Oxford: Blackwell Publisher.
Power, K. (2020). The COVID-19 pandemic has increased the care burden of women and families. Sustainability: Science, Practice and Policy, 67-73.
Reilly, N. (2007). Cosmopolitan Feminism and Human Rights. Hypatia, 180-198.
Roboth, J. Y. (2015). Analisis Work Family Conflict, Stres Kerja dan Kinerja Wanita Berperan Ganda Pada Yayasan Compassion East Indonesia. Jurnal Riset Bisnis dan Manajemen.
Sumarna, D. P., Naiem, M. F., & Russeng, S. S. (2013). Determinan Penggunaan Alat Pelindung Diri (APD) Pada Karyawan Percetakan di Kota Makassar. Working Paper: Universitas Hasanuddin.
Udasmoro, W. (2018). Dari Doing ke Undoing Gender: Teori dan Praktik Dalam Kajian Feminisme. Yogyakarta: Gadjah Mada University Press.
Udasmoro, W., & Nayati, W. (2020). Interseksi Gender. Yogyakarta: Gadjah Mada University Press
