A Systematic Review: Community Support in Employment Skill Development of Intellectual Disabilities People
Fitri Dwi Arini
, Nurul Hayati
Department of Non Formal Education Universitas Negeri Padang, Padang, Indonesia
fitridwiarini@fip.unp.ac.id
Abstract
Intellectual disabilities people are exposed to particular challenges in obtaining employment skills through education services. In Indonesia, people with intellectual disabilities are among minorities in the labor market. This study employed a systematic review of studies regarding community programs supporting the development of employment skills for people with intellectual disabilities. A data search was performed using three databases: Scopus, EBSCO, as well as ERIC, and a total of twelve studies were selected based on the inclusion criteria. The results indicated that community support has a positive influence in promoting and developing the employment skills of people with intellectual disabilities. Furthermore, the review suggests that improving their employment skill is still needed.
Keywords
Intellectual disabilities, extension education, employment skill, community living, work skill
References
Chan, W., Smith, L. E., Hong, J., Greenberg, J. S., Lounds Taylor, J., & Mailick, M. R. (2018). Factors associated with sustained community employment among adults with autism and co-occurring intellectual disability. Autism, 22(7), 794–803. https://doi.org/10.1177/1362361317703760
Dixon, R. M., & Reddacliff, C. A. (2001). Family Contribution to the Vocational Lives of Vocationally Competent Young Adults with Intellectual Disabilities. International Journal of Disability, Development and Education, 48(2), 193–206. https://doi.org/10.1080/10349120120053667
Friedman, C., & Nye-Lengerman, K. (2018). Exploring the role of prevocational services for people with intellectual and developmental disabilities in Medicaid HCBS waivers. Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation, 49(1), 127–138. https://doi.org/10.3233/JVR-180959
Gold, P. B., Oire, S. N., Fabian, E. S., & Wewiorski, N. J. (2012). Negotiating reasonable workplace accommodations: Perspectives of employers, employees with disabilities, and rehabilitation service providers. Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation, 37(1), 25–37. https://doi.org/10.3233/JVR-2012-0597
Gomes-Machado, M. L., Santos, F. H., Schoen, T., & Chiari, B. (2016). Effects of Vocational Training on a Group of People with Intellectual Disabilities. Journal of Policy and Practice in Intellectual Disabilities, 13(1), 33–40. https://doi.org/10.1111/jppi.12144
Jahoda, A., Banks, P., Dagnan, D., Kemp, J., Kerr, W., & Williams, V. (2009). Starting a New Job: The Social and Emotional Experience of People with Intellectual Disabilities. Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 22(5), 421–425. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-3148.2009.00497.x
Kementerian Ketenagakerjaan. (2021). Ketenagakerjaan Dalam Data. In Pusat Data dan Informasi Ketenagakerjaan (Vol. 3). Jakarta. Retrieved from https://satudata.kemnaker.go.id/files/Buku Kementerian Dalam Data 2021 Buat Web_1617259878.pdf
Moher, D., Liberati, A., Tetzlaff, J., & Altman, D. G. (2009). Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses: The PRISMA Statement. PLoS Medicine, 6(7), e1000097. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1000097
Peraturan Pemerintah. Perencanaan, Penyelenggaraan, dan Evaluasi terhadap Penghormatan, Pelindungan, dan Pemenuhan Hak Penyandang Disabilitas. , Pub. L. No. 70, 1 (2019). Indonesia.
Scheef, A. R., Walker, Z. M., & Barrio, B. L. (2019). Salient employability skills for youth with intellectual and developmental disabilities in Singapore: the perspectives of job developers. International Journal of Developmental Disabilities, 65(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1080/20473869.2017.1335479
Siperstein, G. N., Heyman, M., & Stokes, J. E. (2014). Pathways to employment: A national survey of adults with intellectual disabilities. Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation, 41(3), 165–178. https://doi.org/10.3233/JVR-140711
Timmons, J. C., Hall, A. C., Bose, J., Wolfe, A., & Winsor, J. (2011). Choosing Employment: Factors That Impact Employment Decisions for Individuals With Intellectual Disability. Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, 49(4), 285–299. https://doi.org/10.1352/1934-9556-49.4.285
Torres, A., Kearney, K. B., Brady, M. P., Wood, J., & Katz, J. (2021). Using a literacy-based behavioral intervention to teach job interviewing skills to adults with intellectual disability. Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation, 54(2), 161–174. https://doi.org/10.3233/JVR-201127
Traina, I., Mannion, A., & Leader, G. (2021). Transition Program from School to Employment in Youths with Intellectual Disability: Evaluation of the Irish Pilot Study E-IDEAS. Developmental Neurorehabilitation, 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1080/17518423.2021.1941373
Voermans, M. A. C., Taminiau, E. F., Giesbers, S. A. H., & Embregts, P. J. C. M. (2021). The value of competitive employment: In‐depth accounts of people with intellectual disabilities. Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 34(1), 239–249. https://doi.org/10.1111/jar.12802
Walker, Z., Vasquez, E., & Wienke, W. (2016). The impact of simulated interviews for individuals with intellectual disability. Educational Technology and Society, 19(1), 76–88. Retrieved from https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84957649739&partnerID=40&md5=c74f97fb0289a36d0ea3d88dd6e04bd4
fitridwiarini@fip.unp.ac.id
Abstract
Intellectual disabilities people are exposed to particular challenges in obtaining employment skills through education services. In Indonesia, people with intellectual disabilities are among minorities in the labor market. This study employed a systematic review of studies regarding community programs supporting the development of employment skills for people with intellectual disabilities. A data search was performed using three databases: Scopus, EBSCO, as well as ERIC, and a total of twelve studies were selected based on the inclusion criteria. The results indicated that community support has a positive influence in promoting and developing the employment skills of people with intellectual disabilities. Furthermore, the review suggests that improving their employment skill is still needed.Keywords
Intellectual disabilities, extension education, employment skill, community living, work skillReferences
Chan, W., Smith, L. E., Hong, J., Greenberg, J. S., Lounds Taylor, J., & Mailick, M. R. (2018). Factors associated with sustained community employment among adults with autism and co-occurring intellectual disability. Autism, 22(7), 794–803. https://doi.org/10.1177/1362361317703760
Dixon, R. M., & Reddacliff, C. A. (2001). Family Contribution to the Vocational Lives of Vocationally Competent Young Adults with Intellectual Disabilities. International Journal of Disability, Development and Education, 48(2), 193–206. https://doi.org/10.1080/10349120120053667
Friedman, C., & Nye-Lengerman, K. (2018). Exploring the role of prevocational services for people with intellectual and developmental disabilities in Medicaid HCBS waivers. Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation, 49(1), 127–138. https://doi.org/10.3233/JVR-180959
Gold, P. B., Oire, S. N., Fabian, E. S., & Wewiorski, N. J. (2012). Negotiating reasonable workplace accommodations: Perspectives of employers, employees with disabilities, and rehabilitation service providers. Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation, 37(1), 25–37. https://doi.org/10.3233/JVR-2012-0597
Gomes-Machado, M. L., Santos, F. H., Schoen, T., & Chiari, B. (2016). Effects of Vocational Training on a Group of People with Intellectual Disabilities. Journal of Policy and Practice in Intellectual Disabilities, 13(1), 33–40. https://doi.org/10.1111/jppi.12144
Jahoda, A., Banks, P., Dagnan, D., Kemp, J., Kerr, W., & Williams, V. (2009). Starting a New Job: The Social and Emotional Experience of People with Intellectual Disabilities. Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 22(5), 421–425. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-3148.2009.00497.x
Kementerian Ketenagakerjaan. (2021). Ketenagakerjaan Dalam Data. In Pusat Data dan Informasi Ketenagakerjaan (Vol. 3). Jakarta. Retrieved from https://satudata.kemnaker.go.id/files/Buku Kementerian Dalam Data 2021 Buat Web_1617259878.pdf
Moher, D., Liberati, A., Tetzlaff, J., & Altman, D. G. (2009). Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses: The PRISMA Statement. PLoS Medicine, 6(7), e1000097. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1000097
Peraturan Pemerintah. Perencanaan, Penyelenggaraan, dan Evaluasi terhadap Penghormatan, Pelindungan, dan Pemenuhan Hak Penyandang Disabilitas. , Pub. L. No. 70, 1 (2019). Indonesia.
Scheef, A. R., Walker, Z. M., & Barrio, B. L. (2019). Salient employability skills for youth with intellectual and developmental disabilities in Singapore: the perspectives of job developers. International Journal of Developmental Disabilities, 65(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1080/20473869.2017.1335479
Siperstein, G. N., Heyman, M., & Stokes, J. E. (2014). Pathways to employment: A national survey of adults with intellectual disabilities. Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation, 41(3), 165–178. https://doi.org/10.3233/JVR-140711
Timmons, J. C., Hall, A. C., Bose, J., Wolfe, A., & Winsor, J. (2011). Choosing Employment: Factors That Impact Employment Decisions for Individuals With Intellectual Disability. Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, 49(4), 285–299. https://doi.org/10.1352/1934-9556-49.4.285
Torres, A., Kearney, K. B., Brady, M. P., Wood, J., & Katz, J. (2021). Using a literacy-based behavioral intervention to teach job interviewing skills to adults with intellectual disability. Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation, 54(2), 161–174. https://doi.org/10.3233/JVR-201127
Traina, I., Mannion, A., & Leader, G. (2021). Transition Program from School to Employment in Youths with Intellectual Disability: Evaluation of the Irish Pilot Study E-IDEAS. Developmental Neurorehabilitation, 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1080/17518423.2021.1941373
Voermans, M. A. C., Taminiau, E. F., Giesbers, S. A. H., & Embregts, P. J. C. M. (2021). The value of competitive employment: In‐depth accounts of people with intellectual disabilities. Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 34(1), 239–249. https://doi.org/10.1111/jar.12802
Walker, Z., Vasquez, E., & Wienke, W. (2016). The impact of simulated interviews for individuals with intellectual disability. Educational Technology and Society, 19(1), 76–88. Retrieved from https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84957649739&partnerID=40&md5=c74f97fb0289a36d0ea3d88dd6e04bd4
